well am I glad I looked this up -
Cadger - v. "to beg" (1812), "to get by begging" (1848), cadger "itinerant dealer with a pack-horse," mid-15c., which is perhaps from early 14c. cadge "to fasten, to tie".
According to the book, The Jews of the Ottoman Empire, there were many Jewish artisans in the Ottoman cities that included; Iron forgers, smiths, wheelwrights, coach builders, sail makers, rope makers, expert sailors and fishermen, painters, shoemakers, hide processors, workers of precious metals, locksmiths, masons and lime burners.
Lime kilns date back as far as 10,000 B.C. in Galilee, Israel, where the oldest known kiln for burning limestone was discovered in the Ha Yonim cave.
Original limestone were crumbles of calcium oxide (CaO ), known as “quick lime. While calcium oxide could be used to spread as a fertilizer, more often it was carefully combined with water to create calcium hydroxide (CaOH2) or “hydrated lime.”
This end product of the lime-burning process had three major uses. It could be applied to “sweeten” soils by raising the pH value to lower acidity, which made nutrients easier to absorb. It could also be used to make whitewash, which was used as a protective coating. Perhaps most frequently, though, the calcium hydroxide was used to make a slurry that could be used as a mortar with the addition of animal hair as a binder, or to make concrete.
Hadith - a collection of traditions containing sayings of the prophet Muhammad that, with accounts of his daily practice (the Sunna), constitute the major source of guidance for Muslims apart from the Koran.
bagnios a brothel.
Kadi (in Islamic countries) a judge.
Demotika under Ottoman rule—was probably captured by the Ottoman commander Hadji Ilbeg. It soon became the seat of the Ottoman court under Murad I, until the conquest of nearby Adrianople a few years later.
It nevertheless remained a "favorite resort of early Ottoman rulers" due to its rich hunting grounds even after the capital moved to Adrianople and Constantinople.
As such the city was rebuilt, with the Byzantine walls repaired and a royal palace constructed, and beautified, an effect still evident in 1443, when the French traveler Bertrandon de la Broquiere visited it.
